Do not pass judgment part 2. Romans 14:4-12

When I finished the study on Romans 14: 1-4, I ended with verse four, but I noted that I would return to that same verse when we continued. Here it is.

Romans 14:4 NASB Who are you to judge the servant of another? To his own master, he stands or falls; and he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand.

I have no polite way of reading this passage, “Who are you to judge the servant of another?” 

Paul might as well have said, how dare you! The context of the sentence has everything to do with the often hateful differences that we have with other Christians.

If we are "servants of another," The question then is, who does that Christian belong to?

It is certainly not you or I, as they most certainly belong to God. I thought for a second about using the word unquestionably instead of certainly, but there are many of us "Christians" that should NOT use that term Christian to define themselves in any way. Why say something so harsh? Because the people I am thinking about either produce no fruit or the fruit is rotten on the vine.

Paul continues to talk about differences.

Romans 14:5 NLT  In the same way, some think one day is more holy than another day, while others think every day is alike. You should each be fully convinced that whichever day you choose is acceptable.

This verse makes a mountain of sense if you can envision the Jewish believers conflicting with the Gentiles in the same body of believers. The Jews, who adhere tightly to their festivals and traditions, hold to the High Holy Days, and rightfully so. The Gentiles, know nothing of the Holy Days, but we could stand to learn and understand the meanings they carry. Why? Because God is still holding to them.

The next verse almost comes across as informational, and yet it is not.

Romans 14:6 CJB  He who observes a day as special does so to honor the Lord. Also, he who eats anything eats to honor the Lord since he gives thanks to God; likewise, the abstainer abstains to honor the Lord, and he too gives thanks to God.

The sentence above speaks of honoring the Lord, whether you are eating or not. This observance is not about eating; it’s about our relationships with people.

Romans 14:7 NASB For not one of us lives for himself, and not one dies for himself;

Some might think this life is all about me, but it is NOT.

What does the scripture say?

In Him, I live, and move, and have my being. (Acts 17:27,28).

I chose to leave a part out.

“He is the God who made the world and everything in it. Since he is Lord of heaven and earth, he doesn’t live in man-made temples, and human hands can’t serve his needs—for he has no needs. He himself gives life and breath to everything, and he satisfies every need. From one man he created all the nations throughout the whole earth. He decided beforehand when they should rise and fall, and he determined their boundaries.” (Acts 17:24-26 NLT)

You have nothing without His empowerment

[Empowerment came when He placed that one man on the earth and gave Him dominion. We read that story in Genesis as though it was a momentary command, and it was not; dominion was placed in the heart of humankind, just as solidly as the drive for sin was in the garden.]

Do we find this train of thought anywhere else?

“by loving the LORD your God, by obeying His voice, and by holding fast to Him; for this is your life and the length of your days, that you may live in the land which the LORD swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, to give them.” (Deuteronomy 30:20 NASB)

The LORD directs our steps, so why try to understand everything along the way?
(Proverbs 20:24 NLT)

Our lives are in his hands, and he keeps our feet from stumbling. (Psalms 66:9 NLT)

Where does that leave us?

Romans 14:8 NLT  If we live, it’s to honor the Lord. And if we die, it’s to honor the Lord. So whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord.

Another translation of verse 8.

“It's God, we are answerable to—all the way from life to death and everything in between—not each other.” (MSG)

The word that Paul used for Lord intrigues me because it is not what I am accustomed to seeing.

The Greek word is kurios and means he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has the power of deciding. It also means the possessor or owner. 

If you are going, to be honest, this thought process gives many of us grief. Why? Because we think we are in control, and we are not, and virtually every car commercial emphasizes the gratification of your achievements. Why do you think David says things like this:

“LORD, remind me how brief my time on earth will be. Remind me that my days are numbered—how fleeting my life is.  (5)  You have made my life no longer than the width of my hand. My entire lifetime is just a moment to you; at best, each of us is but a breath.” Psalms 39:4-5 NLT 

So what are you doing when you take King David's attitude?

You are giving the honor back to God.

The next verse is somewhat challenging.

Romans 14:9 AMP For Christ died and lived again for this very purpose, that He might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.

Why do we believe that this heroic story that someone will come back for us, with the express purpose of bringing us into His kingdom, is real?

Because Jesus did just what He said He would do. He died, rose, and lives for this very purpose, to be the Lord overall. The author of the letter to the Hebrews (Jewish believers) tells us that He is seated even now as Lord.

We do this by keeping our eyes on Jesus, the champion who initiates and perfects our faith. Because of the joy awaiting him, he endured the cross, disregarding its shame. Now he is seated in the place of honor beside God’s throne. (Hebrews 12:2 NLT)

Here is that word Lord once again, but this time Paul uses a variant of the Greek word kurios when he says kurieuō. This variant means to have dominion over. Previously, we saw God as the possessor; here, He is the ruler who has complete dominion.

Again, this word dominion could give some people angst, as many have been dominated by someone. This is where you have to ask, as you have gone on this journey to find the nature and character of God when you saw Christ in action, what did you see? Love. How could you struggle with love, a love so great that He laid down His own life, so that we could live?

What does it mean to be the Lord of both the living and the dead?

This is not a trick word, dead means dead, as in a corpse. King Solomon tells us, “For to him that is joined to all the living there is hope: for a living dog is better than a dead lion. For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know not anything, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them is forgotten. (Ecclesiastes 9:4-5 KJV)

Solomon did not use the word nekros; he used a Hebrew word that means something comparable, dead. How and why would Paul talk about Jesus being the Lord over the dead if this truly means corpses? So there has to be something more.

So wait a minute: Christ died, and yet death did Him no harm.

Through Christ, you have come to trust in God. And you have placed your faith and hope in God because he raised Christ from the dead and gave him great glory. (1 Peter 1:21 NLT)

Jesus, in His introduction to John, says this,

When I saw him, I fell at his feet as if I were dead. But he laid his right hand on me and said, “Don’t be afraid! I am the First and the Last. I am the living one. I died, but look—I am alive forever and ever! And I hold the keys of death and the grave. (Revelation 1:17-18 NLT)

These words were important because John saw His bloodied and beaten body on the cross. No one endures such things and lives. And yet, here you are, standing before me now.

If He is alive, then what happens to us?

And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness. But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwells in you. (Romans 8:10-11 KJV)

Quicken is old English meaning to make alive.

How or why we need these old bodies, I cannot fathom, but it means something to the Father. Fortunately, those bodies will be changed, and they will be the perfection that God intended them to be.

“having been buried with Him in baptism, in which you were also raised up with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead. When you were dead in your transgressions and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He made you alive together with Him, having forgiven us all our transgressions,”(Colossians 2:12-13 NASB)

When I look at the creation of people, specifically Adam and Eve, I am told that they were made in the image of God. Knowing that God is a spirit, means the man was a spirit, and we see that chain of events.

Then God said, "Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; and let them rule over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the sky and over the cattle and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth." God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them. (Genesis 1:26-27 NASB)

The entire process, leading up to putting a body on the man, and then later, the creation of the woman from the man's rib can be found in Genesis. As many like to hold to a chronological creation, then you should know that we don't see a body on the man until Genesis chapter two, verse seven.

Then the LORD God formed man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living being. (NASB)

I point this out, because, for me, the idea of Jesus being the Lord over the dead, now dominates the world of the spirit, since man is a spirit, just as Jesus is a spirit.

"God is spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth." (John 4:24 NASB)

Do you not know that you are a temple of God and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?
(1 Corinthians 3:16 NASB)

So, though our bodies might have died, our spirits live eternally. If you belong to Christ, then, as Paul said, to be absent from the body is to be present with the Lord. And there, in Heaven, He will reign as your Lord.

Instantly we are drawn back to our opening of chapter fourteen.

Romans 14:10 NASB But you, why do you judge your brother? Or you again, why do you regard your brother with contempt? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.

• But you, why do you judge your brother or regard your brother with contempt?

Because Paul says you, we know he is talking to the church.

Are you naive, and do not recognize how abusive we are with each other?

Let me remind you of how this conversation started.

“Welcome with open arms fellow believers who don't see things the way you do. And don't jump all over them every time they do or say something you don't agree with— ”
(Romans 14:1a MSG)

And then there was this touch of Paul's irascible character.

Who are you to condemn someone else’s servants?
(Romans 14:4 a NLT)

Everybody belongs to God, and whether or not they are acting as appropriate servants in the kingdom or not, they are NOT yours to abuse OR judge.

What have we been talking about?

We belong to God, and He has been running our lives as He saw fit.

How have you been doing with that?

Giving Him honor, I hope.

• “For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.”

Typically, when this judgment seat of God is preached, it is a scary, ominous event that carries the threat of hell's flames. The mere fact that Paul includes this discussion about the bema seat, in a letter to believers, should tell you that at this point in the discourse, you are in heaven, standing before God. You are in the arms of love.

Do you get to bring in your earthly heritage, that you so dearly cling to, that gives you some sort of right to hostility, with you?

NOT a chance.

How about your selfish desires and lusts?

NOT a chance, and if you think that fancy suit that makes you feel like the super preacher, or God's gift to humanity, will buy you an advantage, you are wrong. The garbage will burn, but you will not, and you will be grateful for it, as you run, with your new robe of white, into the Father's welcoming arms.

Catch one more thing before we move forward. What have we been talking about?

“For we will all,” and “for God has accepted.” Now I could say that this is exclusive for those who believe and would probably be right; and, there is NO doubt in my mind that some will follow Satan to his punishment. But consider something, Christ died for all. That means He redeemed all. This thought should make you lose some sleep, as this section ends on this note.

Romans 14:12 NASB So then each one of us will give an account of himself to God.

Since we are all God's creation, then we all have the obligation to answer to Him. Who then, are these sheep that we see in Matthew 25, and why, if they are found acceptable, did they not get included among the saints who died for Christ in the Revelation account? What does it mean to be redeemed and bought back?

The truth is, we have NO grasp, whatsoever, how expansive the mercies of God are.

Do not pass judgment. Romans 14:1-4

Do Not Pass Judgment on One Another

If you did a quick overview of Romans 14, then you would know that the first three verses are inherently tied together. One of the first things you see is the word judgment; however, if all you used was, say, the NASB, you might not understand why Paul uses the word judgment. I will try to explain.

Romans 14:1 NASB Now accept the one who is weak in faith, but not for the purpose of passing judgment on his opinions.

How would you know this person, who just walked in the door, is weak in their faith, and what does it mean to be weak in faith?

You wouldn’t know, that is unless you had some in-depth conversation. And, just because these “new” people don’t see things the way you do, does not necessarily mean they are weak in faith.

[As I write this, the United States is shutting down mode over the Covid 19 virus. Not knowing what is affecting me physically, and the fact that my sinuses began draining again, I opted not to take any lip off of people at church, and stay home. Since the church I attend is a modified “faith” church, although they will not tell you that, to some, my actions would indicate that I did not have enough faith. Given the global circumstances, I would be very annoyed if someone started coughing all over me. Does that make me weak in faith?]

Let's look at other translations and see if we get any clarification.

Welcome with open arms, fellow believers who don't see things the way you do. And don't jump all over them every time they do or say something you don't agree with—even when it seems that they are strong on opinions but weak in the faith department. Remember, they have their own history to deal with. Treat them gently.

(Romans 14:1 MSG)

Did you catch that, he is not just talking about someone who is merely weak in their faith, he is talking about fellow believers who don't see things the way you do? Well, there are two or three conflicting opinions to every truth you might be expressing.

An example. Sitting in a home-group, “of men,” a man showed up who was reasonably new to the church. The assumption was made that this guy knows nothing. So, in an attempt to show off some biblical prowess, based on tradition and opinion, and not the word, the question was asked, how big do you think David was when he slew Goliath? The man who asked the question is someone I have known for close to twenty years and, the standard religious tradition is that David was a boy of about 12 years. When no one would dare to answer the question I said, I will take a crack at it, and said, about six foot four inches tall, or so. Well, guess what happened, I got verbally mugged because I said something with which they did not agree. By the way, there is biblical evidence that David was about that tall, but I will leave that to you to find out.

Some of these people can be very opinionated and therefore come as though they know everything. Another example came to mind when an ex-pastor brought in stacks of the book, “The Shack,” by William Paul Young. That Pastor said it had impacted his life, and he wanted others to read it. I bought one. I struggled a bit with the book because the imagery was not what I was used to. If you read Eugene Peterson's book, “What's So Amazing About Grace,” you came to learn that in his church, in the South, racism was simply a way of life.

While it may not have been so openly visible for me, I strongly suspect that racism ran through the church I attended as well; these hidden racist attitudes caused some of my struggle as I read The Shack. The Holy Spirit told me to shut up and keep reading, and I did, but I still approached a man at our church who had a Theological Doctorate and asked him about “The Shack” because I wanted answers. His response was, I will not discuss something that is filled with such weak theology. I never bothered him again.

To be honest, I struggled with the crowd passing judgment against me that evening, and yet, I have passed judgment against them. The brother who asked about David's height, went on, several years later, to lead a study in Romans, just as I am still doing, months after the other has ended. I dropped out after some time, rather than to get into contentious arguments, primarily because my friend was teaching Warren Wiersbe's commentary on Romans. While some of that information could be deemed useful, I also found aspects that grieve me, such as: telling the audience that the book of Romans was primarily written to the Gentile world.

Here is where the idea that Romans is a Gentile's book comes into play.

Romans 14:2 NLT  For instance, one person believes it’s all right to eat anything. But another believer with a sensitive conscience will eat only vegetables.

You get some freshly converted Jew, and they will come undone if you hand them a pulled pork sandwich. 

Would that bother a Gentile? 

Hardly. So if he is talking to Gentiles, then why have this discussion? Perhaps there is more to this idea of eating anything. 

Peterson's Message says this.

For instance, a person who has been around for a while might well be convinced that he can eat anything on the table, while another, with a different background might assume all Christians should be vegetarians and eat accordingly. (Romans 14:2 MSG)

Interesting, how Peterson says, “ while another, with a different background might assume all Christians should be vegetarians and eat accordingly.” 

Since you know your Bible, then I will bring up that Peter was the Apostle to the Gentiles, but that didn't last long. 

How do we know this? Because of this.

About noon the following day as they were on their journey and approaching the city, Peter went up on the roof to pray. He became hungry and wanted something to eat, and while the meal was being prepared, he fell into a trance. He saw heaven opened and something like a large sheet being let down to earth by its four corners. It contained all kinds of four-footed animals, as well as reptiles and birds. Then a voice told him, "Get up, Peter. Kill and eat." "Surely not, Lord!" Peter replied. "I have never eaten anything impure or unclean." The voice spoke to him a second time, "Do not call anything impure that God has made clean." This happened three times, and immediately the sheet was taken back to heaven. (Acts 10:9-16 NIV)

Immediately after this, Peter was called to the home of Cornelius, the Centurion.

The men replied, "We have come from Cornelius, the Centurion. He is a righteous and God-fearing man, who is respected by all the Jewish people. A holy angel told him to ask you to come to his house so that he could hear what you have to say." (Acts 10:22 NIV)

This Centurion was a Roman Gentile. Watch what happened.

The apostles and the believers throughout Judea heard that the Gentiles also had received the word of God. So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, the circumcised believers criticized him and said, "You went into the house of uncircumcised men and ate with them." (Acts 11:1-3 NIV)

Obviously, for most of the Jews, their faith was not strong enough to handle Peter's sitting with Gentiles, let alone the eating part. Why because these new converts may have been willing to eat pulled pork and lobster?

Romans 14:3 NIV  The one who eats everything must not treat with contempt the one who does not and the one who does not eat everything must not judge the one who does, for God has accepted them.

What did Eugene Peterson say?

“Welcome with open arms, fellow believers who don't see things the way you do. And don't jump all over them every time they do or say something you don't agree with.”

Is this also Paul's way of telling these Jews that the Gentiles are acceptable? 

The Complete Jewish Bible tells us:

The one who eats anything must not look down on the one who abstains; and the abstainer must not pass judgment on the one who eats anything, because God has accepted him— (Romans 14:3 CJB)

There does not seem to be anything abnormal, as one is merely abstaining. This can work both ways. But let's pursue what might not be said in this rant. The first church council was made up of Apostles, Jews, and they held tightly to their Jewishness. So when they gave instructions to the “Gentile” believers, they merely said,

but that we write to them that they abstain from things contaminated by idols and from fornication and from what is strangled and from blood. (Acts 15:20 NASB)

This did not explain the reasons why you don’t consume the blood, as it is for most, just disgusting. Paul takes it a step further.

Now concerning things sacrificed to idols, we know that we all have knowledge. Knowledge makes arrogant, but love edifies. If anyone supposes that he knows anything, he has not yet known as he ought to know; but if anyone loves God, he is known by Him. Therefore concerning the eating of things sacrificed to idols, we know that there is no such thing as an idol in the world and that there is no God but one. For even if there are so-called gods whether in heaven or on earth, as indeed there are many gods and many lords, yet for us, there is but one God, the Father, from whom are all things and we exist for Him; and one Lord, Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we exist through Him. However, not all men have this knowledge; but some, being accustomed to the idol until now, eat food as if it were sacrificed to an idol, and their conscience being weak is defiled. But food will not commend us to God; we are neither the worse if we do not eat, nor the better if we do eat. But take care that this liberty of yours does not somehow become a stumbling block to the weak. For if someone sees you, who have knowledge, dining in an idol's temple, will not his conscience, if he is weak, be strengthened to eat things sacrificed to idols? For through your knowledge, he who is weak is ruined, the brother for whose sake Christ died. (1 Corinthians 8:1-11 NASB)

So it has more to do with freedoms and liberty, and Paul practically uses the same language here, as he did in the letter to the church in Rome.

While I intend to include this next verse in the future study, it is undoubtedly, and contextually, an aspect of this conversation.

Romans 14:4 NASB Who are you to judge the servant of another? To his own master, he stands or falls; and he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand.

Consider these words:

“Who are you to judge the servant of another?”

What does that mean?

Paul, as I have pointed out on several occasions, opened this letter in this manner.

Paul, a bond-servant of Christ Jesus called as an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God, (Romans 1:1 NASB)

Do you not realize that we are all bond-servants?

And if we are bond-servants, then this portion of this verse stands true.

“To his own master, he stands or falls; and he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand.”

If scripture is true, and it is, then we will either stand or fall because we are the Lords. Thank God, He will make us stand, not only in this world but also in the world to come.